BS9999 talks about this. Specifically Annex V and W. ADB talks about dampers also.
As already mentioned all fire dampers to be tested by a competent person on completion of the installation and at regular
intervals not exceeding 2 years, and to be repaired or replaced immediately if found to be faulty with spring-operated fire dampers
should be tested annually and fire dampers situated in dust-laden and similar atmospheres should be tested much more frequently, at periods suited to the degree of pollution which suggests risk assessment.
Annex V requires "where there are smoke control systems for means of escape, actuation of the system should be simulated once a week. It should be ensured that any fans and powered exhaust ventilators operate correctly, smoke dampers close (or open in some systems), natural exhaust ventilators open, automatic smoke curtains move into position, etc. " Consideration should be given to sleeping risk as well.
This would suggest that, for example, where you have a smoke control damper, that you check it closes weekly